During the past several decades, consumption of sugarsweetened beverages ssbs has increased dramatically worldwide, contributing to the significant rise in consumption of total energy and added sugars. Consequences of deficiency or excess human nutrition. Jul 09, 2019 the second collaboration was intersalt, led by stamler and rose. What is shorthand of international study of salt and blood pressure. Three spot urine samples were collected fasting secondvoid morning.
The population mean predicts the number of deviant individuals. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. Equations developed by us and other investigators were validated with su samples from a separate group. A fine investigation on geological conditions for oil. Northwestern university medical school, chicago, ill. Unlike the relentlessly negative scottish heart health study, intersalt would become the most influential and controversial study in the salt debate. Mar 22, 2017 the intersalt study is a pooled study that involved 52 study centres around the world, but only 27 centres found a significant positive correlation between urinary sodium and blood pressure. Google scholar poulter nr, khaw kt, hopwood be, mugambi m, peart ws, rose g, sever ps. Body mass index and associations of sodium and potassium. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the u. Publications home of jama and the specialty journals of the. This highlights the difficulties in establishing this relationship between the latter variables. Results for 24 hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion.
The data were collected according to strict protocol with extensive quality control, and were analysed both in individuals and across centres. This article is within the scope of wikiproject medicine, which recommends that medicinerelated articles follow the manual of style for medicinerelated articles and that biomedical information in any article use highquality medical sources. An international cooperative study on the relation of blood pressure to electrolyte excretion in populations. Equations estimating 24huna from su samples were derived from firstmorning su of 101 participants 52. This module is part of the centers for disease control and. This study dealt with the rhythmic qian 3410 of the intersalt shale series in the qianjiang depression, in which the geological condition for oil accumulation in the rhythmic shale was investigated by using the basic drilling, core and well logging data, as well as data obtained from the thin section identification, sem, mercury injection, xray diffraction and rock freezing heat analyses. For individuals, a significant, positive, independent linear relation between 24h sodium excretion and systolic blood pressure sbp was found. Intersalt data from 52 centers in 32 countries permit an estimate of effect on average population blood pressure of lower sodium intake. Publications home of jama and the specialty journals of. The intersalt study assessed su to estimate the 24h urinary nak ratio, and the study found that the su nak ratio with an appropriate bias correction may be useful for estimating the 24h. Estimation of 24hour urinary sodium excretion using spot.
Diet and hypertension by mary franz, ms, rdn, ldn suggested cdr learning codes. For thousands of years, salts high value has made it the foundation of a society, a currency of trade, and cause for wars. The intersalt meaning is international study of salt and blood pressure. Based on the sodiumblood pressure association in individuals, it was estimated that a habitual population sodium intake that was lower by 100 mmolday e.
Blood pressure in four remote populations in the intersalt study. Dallas, tx 75231 customer service 1800ahausa1 18002428721 local info contact us. An international study of electrolyte excretion and blood pressure. Intersalt was designed specifically to resolve the contradiction between ecologic and intrapopulation studies. Over the past century, sodium chloride has been the subject of intense scientific research to understand its role in human physiology and its impact on health. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. We estimated 24huna from spot specimens using the kawasaki, tanaka and intersalt equations. Body mass index and associations of sodium and potassium with.
Estimating 24hour urinary sodium excretion from casual urinary sodium concentrations in western populations. Sugarsweetened beverages and cardiovascular disease. The health impact of current high consumption of ssbs has attracted scientific and public concerns. However, for the 48 intersalt study populations who did have access to salt, mean sodium intake was 3818 mgd, whereas that of potassium was only 2106 mgd, a sodiumpotassium intake ratio of 1. Intersalt is an epidemiological study of electrolyte excretion and blood pressure in 10,079 men and women from 52 centres and 32 countries. Sodium chloride holds a unique position in the annals of human existence and science 1.
In the latter 1980s and early 1990s the largest epidemiological study evaluating the relationship of dietary sodium intake with blood pressure, called intersalt, was completed and then went through further analyses. The study population consisted of 10,079 men and women aged 2059 years from 52 diverse sites in 32 countries worldwide. And as for the intersalt study, the scammer did not tell you that the result of that research was largely rejected by the medical community because it failed to take into account the biological and cultural diversity of the 52 ethnic groups from around the world that participated in the study before arriving at the conclusion that low salt. May 19, 2016 and as for the intersalt study, the scammer did not tell you that the result of that research was largely rejected by the medical community because it failed to take into account the biological and cultural diversity of the 52 ethnic groups from around the world that participated in the study before arriving at the conclusion that low salt. Intersalt found a significant association between 24hour urine sodium excretion.
In addition, they found that, among men, pulse pressure was significantly higher in normotensive black individuals than in white individuals, although there was no significant difference in systolic and diastolic bp. Can dietary sodium intake be modified by public policy. International study of salt and blood pressure, inverse relation of dietary protein markers with blood pressure. For individuals, a significant, positive, independent linear relation between 24h sodium. Pdf high intakes of dietary sodium are associated with elevated blood pressure. In a 34year followup of the framingham heart study cohort, the risk of congestive heart failure was 24 times higher for those in the highest than for those in the lowest quintile of blood pressure at entry into the study. How robust is the evidence for recommending very low salt intake in entire populations. The intersalt results, which agree with findings from other diverse studies.
Results for 24 hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion intersalt cooperative research group intersalt cooperative research group a full list of participating centres and investigators is given at the end of this paper correspondence to. Oct 28, 2019 the intersalt study assessed su to estimate the 24h urinary nak ratio, and the study found that the su nak ratio with an appropriate bias correction may be useful for estimating the 24h. This report further examines the relation of body mass index bmi to associations of 24hour urinary sodium, potassium, and sodiumpotassium ratio with blood pressure in intersalt, a 52center international study of electrolytes and blood pressure. In intersalt, more than 10,000 people were studied worldwide with meticulous 24h urine collections and randomzero bp measurements. The intersalt cooperative research group intersalt study an international cooperative study on the relation of blood pressure to electrolyte excretion in populations. Investigate the relation of electrolyte excretion to bp. N2 the relations by age and sex of urinary sodium, potassium and sodiumpotassium ratio to blood pressure were examined in the 5,045 men and 5,034 women of the intersalt study. Centers for disease control and prevention, along with other funders, helped support new york citys evaluation of sodium intake through the use of 24. Intersalt found a significant association between 24hour urine sodium excretion and systolic blood pressure in individuals. Assessment and validation of spot urine in estimating the 24. Pdf the yanomami indians in the intersalt study 2003. The intersalt study was an observational study that showed no association between dietary salt, measured by urinary excretion, and blood pressure.
The median blood pressure for these populations was 11974 and tended to rise with age. T2 results for 24 hour sodium and potassium, by age and sex. Vascular disease a collaborative epidemiologic studyinternational study of electrolye excretion and blood pressurethat evaluated the relationship of salt intake and bp. Jul 30, 1988 full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. The results were disputed by the salt institute the salt producers trade organisation, who demanded that the results be handed. For individuals, a significant, positive, independent linear relation between 24h sodium excretion and systolic blood pressure sbp was. The second collaboration was intersalt, led by stamler and rose. High salt diets in young university adults and the. International study of sodium, potassium, and blood pressure the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators.
Other surveys such as the intersalt study dyer and elliott 1999 revealed high prevalences of excess weight in some developing countries, including brazil james and francois 1988. Analyses without adjustment for bmi indicated average systolic pressure greater by 6. Average systolic pressure would be lower by an estimated 3. Apr 17, 2019 the intersalt cooperative research group intersalt study an international cooperative study on the relation of blood pressure to electrolyte excretion in populations. Issues and opinions an evolutionary perspective enhances. Pmc free article stamler j, rose g, stamler r, elliott p, dyer a, marmot m. The intersalt study is a standardized, worldwide epidemiologic study of large sample size n 10079 men and women aged 2059 y from 32 countries that. Intersalt definition of intersalt by medical dictionary. The data presented by many of these studies are not representative and do not include validation of the measurements of height and body. Another data set that would be amenable for examination of this hypothesis further could be provided by the international study of sodium, potassium, and blood pressure intersalt study. The most common shorthand of international study of salt and blood pressure is intersalt. Assessment and validation of spot urine in estimating the.
For example, the intersalt study demonstrated an association between salt intake and elevated blood pressure intersalt cooperative research group 1988 and reported that sodium intake 1. Vasopressin, urine concentration, and hypertension. Can methods based on spot urine samples be used to. Socioeconomic status and risk factors for cardiovascular. Can methods based on spot urine samples be used to estimate. Dec 29, 2012 epidemiologic studies intersalt study. Intersalt as abbreviation means international study of salt and blood pressure. Estimated 24hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion in. The present study evaluated the reliability of equations using spot urine su samples in the estimation of 24hour urine sodium excretion 24huna. The intersalt study is a pooled study that involved 52 study centres around the world, but only 27 centres found a significant positive correlation between urinary sodium and blood pressure. Please visit the project page for details or ask questions at wikipedia talk.
Estimated 24hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion. Us and uk population studies is associated with 4% lower risk of coronary death and 6% lower risk of stroke death in middle age. It is the most abundant cation in intracellular fluid where it plays a key role in maintaining cell function. The intersalt study is a standardized, worldwide epidemiologic study of large sample size n 10079 men and women aged 2059 y from 32 countries that tested both within and crosspopulation prior hypotheses on 24h sodium excretion and blood pressure. A major canadianled global study has identified 9 easily measured risk factors smoking, lipids, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and psychosocial. Data collection began in 1984, and further analysis was periodically performed on the data through 1997.
1437 837 1355 972 1307 437 1360 1466 625 281 787 969 846 1167 251 865 438 326 706 67 1285 609 1125 1029 1377 168 421 688 1242 1452 1224 736 1151 728 1216 771 794 826 961 1202 395 133 86 637